Spin noise at an arbitrary spin temperature

dc.creatorLee, S. -K.
dc.date2008-04-22
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-07T09:34:02Z
dc.date.available2026-07-07T09:34:02Z
dc.descriptionAn ensemble of spins oriented along the $z$ direction exhibits nonzero fluctuation in the transverse ($x$- and $y$-) components of the spin angular momentum in accordance with the uncertainty principle. When the spins obey a spin temperature distribution, the mean square fluctuation in $S_{x}$ can be calculated by ensemble average of the expectation value of $S_{x}^{2}$ with respect to an equilibrium density matrix $ρ=e^{βS_{z}}/Z$. The fluctuation can also be calculated from the fluctuation-dissipation theorem as has been done in literature in the context of NMR spin noise. For spin 1/2 particles in the high temperature limit, appropriate for many NMR experiments, the two methods are known to produce the same, temperature-independent spin noise. We show that inclusion of the zero-point fluctuation term in the original Nyquist relation extends this correspondence to an arbitrary spin temperature for any spin $S$. This indicates that the uncertainty principle-limited spin projection noise can be viewed as a result of the zero-point fluctuation in the thermal bath coupled to the spins.
dc.description3 pages, 1 figure
dc.identifierhttps://arxiv.org/abs/0804.3585
dc.identifierhttp://arxiv.org/abs/0804.3585
dc.identifier.urihttp://salesiana.dossiersoluciones.com/handle/123456789/159349
dc.subjectAtomic Physics
dc.titleSpin noise at an arbitrary spin temperature
dc.typetext

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