QCD at finite isospin density: from pion to quark-antiquark condensation

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dc.creatorSon, D. T.
dc.creatorStephanov, M. A.
dc.date2000-11-29
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-07T11:09:05Z
dc.date.available2026-07-07T11:09:05Z
dc.descriptionQCD at finite isospin chemical potential mu_I is studied. This theory has no fermion sign problem and can be simulated on the lattice using present-day techniques. We solve this theory analytically in two limits: low mu_I where chiral perturbation theory is applicable, and asymptotically high mu_I where perturbative QCD is at work. At low isospin density the ground state is a superfluid pion condensate. At very high density it is a Fermi liquid with Cooper pairing. The pairs carry the same quantum numbers as the pions. Motivated by this observation, we put forward a conjecture that the transition from hadron to quark matter is smooth. The conjecture passes several nontrivial tests. Our results imply a nontrivial phase diagram in the space of temperature and chemical potentials of isospin and baryon number. At asymtotically large values of mu_I and small values of baryon chemical potential the ground state is in a phase similar to Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov phase. It is characterized by a spatially modulated superfluid order parameter <ubar*gamma_5*d> and may be the asymptotic limit of the inhomogeneous pion condensation phase advocated by Migdal and others.
dc.description14 pages, dedicated to A.B. Migdal
dc.identifierhttps://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/0011365
dc.identifierhttp://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/0011365
dc.identifierPhys.Atom.Nucl.64:834-842,2001; Yad.Fiz.64:899-907,2001
dc.identifierdoi:10.1134/1.1378872
dc.identifier.urihttp://salesiana.dossiersoluciones.com/handle/123456789/190349
dc.subjectHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology
dc.subjectNuclear Theory
dc.titleQCD at finite isospin density: from pion to quark-antiquark condensation
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