Analytical Approach to Continuous and Intermittent Bottleneck Flows

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dc.creatorHelbing, Dirk
dc.creatorJohansson, Anders
dc.creatorMathiesen, Joachim
dc.creatorJensen, Mogens H.
dc.creatorHansen, Alex
dc.date2006-10-19
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-07T07:29:57Z
dc.date.available2026-07-07T07:29:57Z
dc.descriptionWe propose a many-particle-inspired theory for granular outflows from a hopper and for the escape dynamics through a bottleneck based on a continuity equation in polar coordinates. If the inflow is below the maximum outflow, we find an asymptotic stationary solution. If the inflow is above this value, we observe queue formation, which can be described by a shock wave equation. We also address the experimental observation of intermittent outflows, taking into account the lack of space in the merging zone by a minimum function and coordination problems by a stochastic variable. This results in avalanches of different sizes even if friction, force networks, inelastic collapse, or delay-induced stop-and-go waves are not assumed. Our intermittent flows result from a random alternation between particle propagation and gap propagation. Erratic flows in congested merging zones of vehicle traffic may be explained in a similar way.
dc.descriptionFor related work see http://www.helbing.org
dc.identifierhttps://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0610151
dc.identifierhttp://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0610151
dc.identifierdoi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.168001
dc.identifier.urihttp://salesiana.dossiersoluciones.com/handle/123456789/118308
dc.subjectPhysics and Society
dc.subjectClassical Physics
dc.titleAnalytical Approach to Continuous and Intermittent Bottleneck Flows
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