Quantum impurity dynamics in two-dimensional antiferromagnets and superconductors

dc.creatorVojta, Matthias
dc.creatorBuragohain, Chiranjeeb
dc.creatorSachdev, Subir
dc.date1999-12-02
dc.date2000-05-23
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-07T03:15:22Z
dc.date.available2026-07-07T03:15:22Z
dc.descriptionWe present the universal theory of arbitrary, localized impurities in a confining paramagnetic state of two-dimensional antiferromagnets with global SU(2) spin symmetry. The energy gap of the host antiferromagnet to spin-1 excitations, Δ, is assumed to be significantly smaller than a typical nearest neighbor exchange. In the absence of impurities, it was argued in earlier work (Chubukov et al. cond-mat/9304046) that the low-temperature quantum dynamics is universally and completely determined by the values of Δand a spin-wave velocity c. Here we establish the remarkable fact that no additional parameters are necessary for an antiferromagnet with a dilute concentration of impurities, n_{imp} - each impurity is completely characterized by a integer/half-odd-integer valued spin, S, which measures the net uncompensated Berry phase due to spin precession in its vicinity. We compute the impurity-induced damping of the spin-1 collective mode of the antiferromagnet: the damping occurs on an energy scale Γ= n_{imp} (\hbar c)^2/Δ, and we predict a universal, asymmetric lineshape for the collective mode peak. We argue that, under suitable conditions, our results apply unchanged (or in some cases, with minor modifications) to d-wave superconductors, and compare them to recent neutron scattering experiments on YBCO by Fong et al. (cond-mat/9812047). We also describe the universal evolution of numerous measurable correlations as the host antiferromagnet undergoes a quantum phase transition to a Neel ordered state.
dc.description36 pages, 12 figures; added references
dc.identifierhttps://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9912020
dc.identifierhttp://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9912020
dc.identifierPhysical Review B, 61, 15152 (2000)
dc.identifierdoi:10.1103/PhysRevB.61.15152
dc.identifier.urihttp://salesiana.dossiersoluciones.com/handle/123456789/30002
dc.subjectStrongly Correlated Electrons
dc.subjectSuperconductivity
dc.titleQuantum impurity dynamics in two-dimensional antiferromagnets and superconductors
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