Semigroup of positive maps for qudit states and entanglement in tomographic probability representation

Man'ko, V. I.; Marmo, G.; Simoni, A.; Ventriglia, F.

Semigroup of positive maps for qudit states and entanglement in tomographic probability representation

Authors

Description

Stochastic and bistochastic matrices providing positive maps for spin states (for qudits) are shown to form semigroups with dense intersection with the Lie groups $IGL(n, \mathbb{R})$ and $GL(n, \mathbb{R})$ respectively. The density matrix of a qudit state is shown to be described by a spin tomogram determined by an orbit of the bistochastic semigroup acting on a simplex. A class of positive maps acting transitively on quantum states is introduced by relating stochastic and quantum stochastic maps in the tomographic setting. Finally, the entangled states of two qubits and Bell inequalities are given in the framework of the tomographic probability representation using the stochastic semigroup properties.