Bi-oriented Quantum Algebras, and a Generalized Alexander Polynomial for Virtual Links

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dc.creatorKauffman, Louis H.
dc.creatorRadford, David E.
dc.date2001-12-26
dc.date2001-12-31
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-07T04:45:31Z
dc.date.available2026-07-07T04:45:31Z
dc.descriptionThis paper discusses the construction of a generalized Alexander polynomial for virtual knots and links, and the reformulation of this invariant as a quantum link invariant. The algebraic background for the generalized Alexander module is formulated in terms of the biquandle, a generalization of the quandle of David Joyce (which, in turn, is a generalization of the fundamental group of the knot or link). We then introduce the concept of a bi-oriented quantum algebra which provides an algebraic context for the associated quantum invariant.
dc.descriptionLaTeX document, 34 pages, 13 figures, in text LaTeX graphics
dc.identifierhttps://arxiv.org/abs/math/0112280
dc.identifierhttp://arxiv.org/abs/math/0112280
dc.identifier.urihttp://salesiana.dossiersoluciones.com/handle/123456789/62984
dc.subjectGeometric Topology
dc.subjectRings and Algebras
dc.subject57M25
dc.titleBi-oriented Quantum Algebras, and a Generalized Alexander Polynomial for Virtual Links
dc.typetext

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