Algebraic stacks whose number of points over finite fields is a polynomial
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The aim of this article is to investigate the cohomology (l-adic as well as Betti) of schemes, and more generally of certain algebraic stacks, that are proper and smooth over the integers and have the property that there exists a polynomial P with rational coefficients such that for all prime powers q the number of points over the field with q elements is P(q). We prove that for all prime numbers l the l-adic etale cohomology is a direct sum of Tate twists of the trivial representation. Our main tools here are Behrend's Lefschetz trace formula and l-adic Hodge theory. In the last section we investigate the Hodge structure on the Betti cohomology. The motivation for this article comes from applications to certain moduli stacks of curves.
13 pages. Using the first author's results in arXiv:0809.1242, the extra condition that the coarse moduli space is a certain quotient space in the Corollary of the last section of this article has been removed
13 pages. Using the first author's results in arXiv:0809.1242, the extra condition that the coarse moduli space is a certain quotient space in the Corollary of the last section of this article has been removed