A `checkerboard' electronic crystal state in lightly hole-doped Ca_{2-x}Na_{x}CuO_{2}Cl_{2}

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dc.creatorHanaguri, T.
dc.creatorLupien, C.
dc.creatorKohsaka, Y.
dc.creatorLee, D. -H.
dc.creatorAzuma, M.
dc.creatorTakano, M.
dc.creatorTakagi, H.
dc.creatorDavis, J. C.
dc.date2004-09-04
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-07T03:00:18Z
dc.date.available2026-07-07T03:00:18Z
dc.descriptionThe phase diagram of hole-doped copper oxides shows four different electronic phases existing at zero temperature. Familiar among these are the Mott insulator, high-transition-temperature superconductor and metallic phases. A fourth phase, ofunknown identity, occurs at light doping along the zero-temperature bound of the `pseudogap' regime. This regime is rich in peculiar electronic phenomena, prompting numerous proposals that it contains some form of hidden electronic order. Here we present low-temperature electronic structure imaging studies of a lightly hole-doped copper oxide: Ca_{2-x}Na_{x}CuO_{2}Cl_{2}. Tunnelling spectroscopy (at energies |E|>100 meV) reveals electron extraction probabilities greatly exceeding those for injection, as anticipated for a doped Mott insulator. However, for |E|<100 meV, the spectrum exhibits a V-shaped energy gap centred on E=0. States within this gap undergo intense spatial modulations, with the spatial correlations of a four CuO_{2}-unit-cell square checkerboard, independent of energy. Intricate atomic-scale electronic structure variations also exist within the checkerboard. These data are consistent with an unanticipated crystalline electronic state, possibly the hidden electronic order, existing in the zero-temperature pseudogap regime of Ca_{2-x}Na_{x}CuO_{2}Cl_{2}.
dc.description14 pages, including 4 figures
dc.identifierhttps://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0409102
dc.identifierhttp://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0409102
dc.identifierNature 430, 1001 (2004)
dc.identifierdoi:10.1038/nature02861
dc.identifier.urihttp://salesiana.dossiersoluciones.com/handle/123456789/24788
dc.subjectSuperconductivity
dc.subjectStrongly Correlated Electrons
dc.titleA `checkerboard' electronic crystal state in lightly hole-doped Ca_{2-x}Na_{x}CuO_{2}Cl_{2}
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