Freeze-Out Time in Ultrarelativistic Heavy Ion Collisions from Coulomb Effects in Transverse Pion Spectra
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The influence of the nuclear Coulomb field on transverse spectra of $π^+$ and $π^-$ measured in $Pb+Pb$ reactions at 158 A GeV has been investigated. Pion trajectories are calculated in the field of an expanding fireball. The observed enhancement of the $π^-/π^+$ ratio at small momenta depends on the temperature and transverse expansion velocity of the source, the rapidity distribution of the net positive charge, and mainly the time of the freeze-out.
11 pages including 2 figures
11 pages including 2 figures