Effective equation of state for dark energy: mimicking quintessence and phantom energy through a variable Lambda

dc.creatorSola, Joan
dc.creatorStefancic, Hrvoje
dc.date2005-05-06
dc.date2005-08-20
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-07T10:27:28Z
dc.date.available2026-07-07T10:27:28Z
dc.descriptionWhile there is mounting evidence in all fronts of experimental cosmology for a non-vanishing dark energy component in the Universe, we are still far away from understanding its ultimate nature. A fundamental cosmological constant, Lambda, is the most natural candidate, but many dynamical mechanisms to generate an effective Lambda have been devised which postulate the existence of a peculiar scalar field (so-called quintessence, and generalizations thereof). These models are essentially ad hoc, but they lead to the attractive possibility of a time-evolving dark energy with a non-trivial equation of state (EOS). Most, if not all, future experimental studies on precision cosmology (e.g. the SNAP and PLANCK projects) address very carefully the determination of an EOS parametrized ``a la quintessence''. Here we show that by fitting cosmological data to an EOS of that kind can also be interpreted as a hint of a fundamental, but time-evolving, cosmological term: Lambda=Lambda(t). We exemplify this possibility by studying the effective EOS associated to a renormalization group (RG) model for Lambda. We find that the effective EOS can correspond to both normal quintessence and phantom dark energy, depending on the value of a single parameter of the RG model. We conclude that behind a non-trivial EOS of a purported quintessence or phantom scalar field there can actually be a running cosmological term of a fundamental quantum field theory.
dc.descriptionLaTeX, 15 pages, 3 figures. Extended discussion and references added. Version accepted in Physics Letters B
dc.identifierhttps://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0505133
dc.identifierhttp://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0505133
dc.identifierPhys.Lett.B624:147-157,2005
dc.identifierdoi:10.1016/j.physletb.2005.08.051
dc.identifier.urihttp://salesiana.dossiersoluciones.com/handle/123456789/177159
dc.subjectAstrophysics
dc.subjectGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
dc.subjectHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology
dc.subjectHigh Energy Physics - Theory
dc.titleEffective equation of state for dark energy: mimicking quintessence and phantom energy through a variable Lambda
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