Learning to Filter Spam E-Mail: A Comparison of a Naive Bayesian and a Memory-Based Approach

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dc.creatorAndroutsopoulos, Ion
dc.creatorPaliouras, Georgios
dc.creatorKarkaletsis, Vangelis
dc.creatorSakkis, Georgios
dc.creatorSpyropoulos, Constantine D.
dc.creatorStamatopoulos, Panagiotis
dc.date2000-09-18
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-07T03:16:33Z
dc.date.available2026-07-07T03:16:33Z
dc.descriptionWe investigate the performance of two machine learning algorithms in the context of anti-spam filtering. The increasing volume of unsolicited bulk e-mail (spam) has generated a need for reliable anti-spam filters. Filters of this type have so far been based mostly on keyword patterns that are constructed by hand and perform poorly. The Naive Bayesian classifier has recently been suggested as an effective method to construct automatically anti-spam filters with superior performance. We investigate thoroughly the performance of the Naive Bayesian filter on a publicly available corpus, contributing towards standard benchmarks. At the same time, we compare the performance of the Naive Bayesian filter to an alternative memory-based learning approach, after introducing suitable cost-sensitive evaluation measures. Both methods achieve very accurate spam filtering, outperforming clearly the keyword-based filter of a widely used e-mail reader.
dc.identifierhttps://arxiv.org/abs/cs/0009009
dc.identifierhttp://arxiv.org/abs/cs/0009009
dc.identifierProceedings of the workshop "Machine Learning and Textual Information Access", 4th European Conference on Principles and Practice of Knowledge Discovery in Databases (PKDD-2000), H. Zaragoza, P. Gallinari and M. Rajman (Eds.), Lyon, France, September 2000, pp. 1-13
dc.identifier.urihttp://salesiana.dossiersoluciones.com/handle/123456789/30391
dc.subjectComputation and Language
dc.subjectInformation Retrieval
dc.subjectMachine Learning
dc.subjectH.4.3; I.2.6; I.2.7; I.5.4; K.4.1
dc.titleLearning to Filter Spam E-Mail: A Comparison of a Naive Bayesian and a Memory-Based Approach
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