Hypernova Nucleosynthesis and Early Chemical Evolution
| dc.creator | Nomoto, Ken'ichi | |
| dc.creator | Maeda, Keiichi | |
| dc.creator | Umeda, Hideyuki | |
| dc.date | 2001-10-24 | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2026-07-07T02:00:59Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2026-07-07T02:00:59Z | |
| dc.description | We review the characteristics of nucleosynthesis in 'Hypernovae', i.e., supernovae with very large explosion energies ($ \gsim 10^{52} $ ergs). The hypernova yields compared to those of ordinary core-collapse supernovae show the following characteristics: 1) Complete Si-burning takes place in more extended region, so that the mass ratio between the complete and incomplete Si burning regions is generally larger in hypernovae than normal supernovae. As a result, higher energy explosions tend to produce larger [(Zn, Co)/Fe], smaller [(Mn, Cr)/Fe], and larger [Fe/O], which could explain the trend observed in very metal-poor stars. 2) Si-burning takes place in lower density regions, so that the effects of $α$-rich freezeout is enhanced. Thus $^{44}$Ca, $^{48}$Ti, and $^{64}$Zn are produced more abundantly than in normal supernovae. The large [(Ti, Zn)/Fe] ratios observed in very metal-poor stars strongly suggest a significant contribution of hypernovae. 3) Oxygen burning also takes place in more extended regions for the larger explosion energy. Then a larger amount of Si, S, Ar, and Ca ("Si") are synthesized, which makes the "Si"/O ratio larger. The abundance pattern of the starburst galaxy M82 may be attributed to hypernova explosions. Asphericity in the explosions strengthens the nucleosynthesis properties of hypernovae except for "Si"/O. We thus suggest that hypernovae make important contribution to the early Galactic (and cosmic) chemical evolution. | |
| dc.description | 10 pages. To be published in ``Chemical Enrichment of Intracluster and Intergalactic Medium'' (Vulcano, Italy; May 2001) ASP Conference Series | |
| dc.identifier | https://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0110528 | |
| dc.identifier | http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0110528 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://salesiana.dossiersoluciones.com/handle/123456789/3597 | |
| dc.subject | Astrophysics | |
| dc.title | Hypernova Nucleosynthesis and Early Chemical Evolution | |
| dc.type | text |