The Type IIn Supernova 2002kg: The Outburst of a Luminous Blue Variable Star in NGC 2403

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dc.creatorVan Dyk, Schuyler D.
dc.creatorLi, Weidong
dc.creatorFilippenko, Alexei V.
dc.creatorHumphreys, Roberta M.
dc.creatorChornock, Ryan
dc.creatorFoley, Ryan
dc.creatorChallis, Peter M.
dc.date2006-03-01
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-07T07:00:56Z
dc.date.available2026-07-07T07:00:56Z
dc.descriptionWe show that Supernova (SN) 2002kg in NGC 2403, initially classified as Type II-narrow (IIn), has photometric and spectroscopic properties unlike those of normal SNe. Its behavior, instead, is more typical of highly massive stars which experience the short-lived luminous blue variable (LBV) phase toward the end of their lives. The star, in fact, most resembles the LBV S Doradus in outburst. The precursor of SN 2002kg is the irregular, bright blue variable star 37 (V37), catalogued by Tammann & Sandage in 1968. Using high-quality ground-based, multi-band images we can constrain the initial mass of V37 to be M_ini >~ 40 M_sun. We find that, although the spectra indicate a nitrogen enhancement, possibly revealing the products of CNO processing by V37 in the ejecta, the star lacks a substantial LBV nebula. The outburst from SN 2002kg/V37 is not nearly as energetic as the giant eruptions of the eta Carinae-like variables, such as SN 1954J/V12, also in NGC 2403. SN 2002kg/V37, however, is among a growing number of ``SN impostors'' exhibiting a broad range of outburst energetics during a pre-SN phase of massive-star evolution.
dc.description22 pages, 15 figures, submitted to PASP
dc.identifierhttps://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0603025
dc.identifierhttp://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0603025
dc.identifier.urihttp://salesiana.dossiersoluciones.com/handle/123456789/108130
dc.subjectAstrophysics
dc.titleThe Type IIn Supernova 2002kg: The Outburst of a Luminous Blue Variable Star in NGC 2403
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