Transforming growth factors-β are not good biomarkers of chemopreventive efficacy in a preclinical breast cancer model system

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dc.creatorZujewski, JoAnne
dc.creatorVaughn-Cooke, Anika
dc.creatorFlanders, Kathleen C
dc.creatorEckhaus, Michael A
dc.creatorLubet, Ronald A
dc.creatorWakefield, Lalage M
dc.date2000-11-08
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-07T01:45:56Z
dc.date.available2026-07-07T01:45:56Z
dc.descriptionUsing a carcinogen-initiated rat model of mammary tumorigenesis, we tested the hypothesis that transforming growth factor (TGF)-βs are useful biomarkers of chemopreventive efficacy in the breast. The chemopreventive agents tested were tamoxifen and the retinoids 9-cis-retinoic acid (9cRA) and N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide (4-HPR), because both antiestrogens and retinoids have previously been shown to upregulate TGF-βs in vitro. Despite demonstrable chemopreventive efficacy in this model, none of these agents, alone or in combination, had any significant impact on the expression of TGF-βs in the mammary ductal epithelium or periductal stroma as determined by immunohistochemistry. These data suggest that TGF-βs are not likely to be useful biomarkers of chemopreventive efficacy in a clinical setting.
dc.identifierhttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13902/
dc.identifierhttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11250748/
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1186/bcr273
dc.identifier.urihttp://salesiana.dossiersoluciones.com/handle/123456789/137
dc.languageen
dc.publisherBMC
dc.rightsCopyright © 2000 BioMed Central Ltd on behalf of the copyright holder
dc.sourceBreast Cancer Res
dc.subjectPrimary Research
dc.titleTransforming growth factors-β are not good biomarkers of chemopreventive efficacy in a preclinical breast cancer model system
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