"Quantal" behavior in classical probability
Abstract
Description
A number of phenomena generally believed characteristic of quantum mechanics and seen as interpretively problematic--the incompatibility and value-indeterminacy of variables, the non-existence of dispersion-free states, the failure of the standard marginal-probability formula, the failure of the distributive law of disjunction and interference--are exemplified in an emphatically non-quantal system: a deck of playing cards. Thus the appearance, in quantum mechanics, of incompatibility and these associated phenomena requires neither explanation nor interpretation.
18 pages. V6: Further clarification of discussions. "Nonreality" restored to paper (as per V4). As accepted by Found. Phys. Lett
18 pages. V6: Further clarification of discussions. "Nonreality" restored to paper (as per V4). As accepted by Found. Phys. Lett