Robust Audio Watermarking Against the D/A and A/D conversions

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dc.creatorXiang, Shijun
dc.creatorHuang, Jiwu
dc.date2007-07-03
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-07T08:13:44Z
dc.date.available2026-07-07T08:13:44Z
dc.descriptionAudio watermarking has played an important role in multimedia security. In many applications using audio watermarking, D/A and A/D conversions (denoted by DA/AD in this paper) are often involved. In previous works, however, the robustness issue of audio watermarking against the DA/AD conversions has not drawn sufficient attention yet. In our extensive investigation, it has been found that the degradation of a watermarked audio signal caused by the DA/AD conversions manifests itself mainly in terms of wave magnitude distortion and linear temporal scaling, making the watermark extraction failed. Accordingly, a DWT-based audio watermarking algorithm robust against the DA/AD conversions is proposed in this paper. To resist the magnitude distortion, the relative energy relationships among different groups of the DWT coefficients in the low-frequency sub-band are utilized in watermark embedding by adaptively controlling the embedding strength. Furthermore, the resynchronization is designed to cope with the linear temporal scaling. The time-frequency localization characteristics of DWT are exploited to save the computational load in the resynchronization. Consequently, the proposed audio watermarking algorithm is robust against the DA/AD conversions, other common audio processing manipulations, and the attacks in StirMark Benchmark for Audio, which has been verified by experiments.
dc.descriptionPages 29
dc.identifierhttps://arxiv.org/abs/0707.0397
dc.identifierhttp://arxiv.org/abs/0707.0397
dc.identifier.urihttp://salesiana.dossiersoluciones.com/handle/123456789/132876
dc.subjectCryptography and Security
dc.subjectMultimedia
dc.subjectK.4.4
dc.titleRobust Audio Watermarking Against the D/A and A/D conversions
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