Microscopic Discrete Proliferating Components Cause the Self-Organized Emergence of Macroscopic Adaptive Features in Biological Systems

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dc.creatorLouzoun, Yoram
dc.creatorSolomon, Sorin
dc.creatorAtlan, Henri
dc.creatorCohen, Irun. R.
dc.date2000-06-25
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-07T05:32:55Z
dc.date.available2026-07-07T05:32:55Z
dc.descriptionWe study the emergence of the collective spatio-temporal macroscopic properties of the immune system, by representing individually the elementary interactions between its microscopic components (antibodies, antigens, cytokines). The results of this detailed explicit analysis are compared with the traditional procedure of averaging over individuals and representing the collective dynamics in terms of densities that obey partial differential equations (PDE). The simulations show even for very simple elementary reactions the spontaneous emergence of localized complex structures. In turn the effective dynamics of these structures affects the average behavior of the system in a very decisive way: systems which would according to the differential equations approximation die, display in reality a very lively behavior. Our conclusions are supported both by explicit microscopic simulations and by analytic calculations. As the optimal method we propose a mixture of microscopic simulation (MS) systems describing each reaction separately, and average methods describing the average behavior of the agents.
dc.description35 pages, 14 pages
dc.identifierhttps://arxiv.org/abs/nlin/0006043
dc.identifierhttp://arxiv.org/abs/nlin/0006043
dc.identifier.urihttp://salesiana.dossiersoluciones.com/handle/123456789/79826
dc.subjectAdaptation and Self-Organizing Systems
dc.subjectCondensed Matter
dc.subjectCellular Automata and Lattice Gases
dc.subjectQuantitative Biology
dc.titleMicroscopic Discrete Proliferating Components Cause the Self-Organized Emergence of Macroscopic Adaptive Features in Biological Systems
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