Soft X-ray Spectroscopy of NGC 1068 with XMM-Newton RGS and Chandra LETGS

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dc.creatorKinkhabwala, A.
dc.creatorSako, M.
dc.creatorBehar, E.
dc.creatorKahn, S. M.
dc.creatorPaerels, F.
dc.creatorBrinkman, A. C.
dc.creatorKaastra, J. S.
dc.creatorvan der Meer, R. L. J.
dc.creatorGu, M. F.
dc.creatorLiedahl, D. A.
dc.date2002-03-02
dc.date2002-03-06
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-07T02:02:59Z
dc.date.available2026-07-07T02:02:59Z
dc.descriptionWe present high-resolution soft-X-ray spectra of the prototypical Seyfert 2 galaxy, NGC 1068, taken with XMM-Newton RGS and Chandra LETGS. Its rich emission-line spectrum is dominated by recombination in a warm plasma (bright, narrow radiative recombination continua provide the ``smoking gun''), which is photoionized by the inferred nuclear power-law continuum. Radiative decay following photoexcitation of resonant transitions is also significant. A self-consistent model of an irradiated cone of gas is capable of reproducing the hydrogenic/heliumlike ionic line series in detail. The radial ionic column densities we infer are consistent with absorption measurements (the warm absorber) in Seyfert 1 galaxies. This strongly suggests that the emission spectrum we observe from NGC 1068 emanates from its warm absorber. The observed extent of the ionization-cone/warm absorber in NGC 1068 of about 300 pc implies that a large fraction of the gas associated with generic warm absorbers may typically exist on the hundreds-of-parsec scale rather than much closer to the nucleus (e.g., less than a parsec). Spatially-resolved spectroscopy using the LETGS of two distinct emission regions yields two noticeably different spectra. We show that these differences are solely due to differing radial column densities. A fairly flat distribution in ionization parameter is necessary to explain the inferred radial ionic column densities of all spectra. This must primarily be due to a broad density distribution at each radius, spanning roughly 0.1-100 cm$^{-3}$. (Abridged)
dc.description9 pages, 15 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the symposium 'New Visions of the X-ray Universe in the XMM-Newton and Chandra Era', 26-30 November 2001, ESTEC, The Netherlands. Minor corrections/reference modifications (thanks to J. Krolik for pointing out)
dc.identifierhttps://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0203021
dc.identifierhttp://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0203021
dc.identifier.urihttp://salesiana.dossiersoluciones.com/handle/123456789/4236
dc.subjectAstrophysics
dc.titleSoft X-ray Spectroscopy of NGC 1068 with XMM-Newton RGS and Chandra LETGS
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