Calculation of the microcanonical temperature for the classical Bose field
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The ergodic hypothesis asserts that a classical mechanical system will in time visit every available configuration in phase space. Thus, for an ergodic system, an ensemble average of a thermodynamic quantity can equally well be calculated by a time average over a sufficiently long period of dynamical evolution. In this paper we describe in detail how to calculate the temperature and chemical potential from the dynamics of a microcanonical classical field, using the particular example of the classical modes of a Bose-condensed gas. The accurate determination of these thermodynamics quantities is essential in measuring the shift of the critical temperature of a Bose gas due to non-perturbative many-body effects.
revtex4, 10 pages, 1 figure. v2: updated to published version. Fuller discussion of numerical results, correction of some minor errors
revtex4, 10 pages, 1 figure. v2: updated to published version. Fuller discussion of numerical results, correction of some minor errors