2026-07-072026-07-07http://salesiana.dossiersoluciones.com/handle/123456789/70357Translated into the language of representations of quivers, a challenge in matrix pencil theory is to find sufficient and necessary conditions for a Kronecker representation to be a subfactor of another Kronecker representation in terms of their Kronecker invariants. The problem is reduced to a numerical criterion for a Kronecker representation to be a subrepresentation of another Kronecker representation in terms of their Kronecker invariants. The key to the problem is the calculation of ranks of matrices over polynomial rings. For this, a generalization and specialization approach is introduced. This approach is applied to provide a numerical criterion for a preprojective (resp. regular, preinjective) Kronecker representation to be a subrepresentation of another preprojective (resp. regular, preinjective) Kronecker representation in terms of their Kronecker invariants.Accepted by Linear algebra and its applicationsRepresentation Theory16G20, 15A22, 15A21text