2026-07-072026-07-07http://salesiana.dossiersoluciones.com/handle/123456789/219751The method of scaling transformations permitting to carry out the reconstruction of cross sections of $γN$ and $γγ$ interactions on the basis of cross sections of nucleon-(anti)nucleon interactions is suggested. The photon--hadron scaling violation is a consequence of dependence of scaling transformation parameter $\bar n(s)$ on the energy. The universal function $\bar n(s)$ is interpreted as the multiplicity of photohadronization. This function is established by processing the data on $γp$ cross sections in the low energy region $\sqrt{s}< 20 \GeV$ and is extrapolated to the high energy region up to $\sqrt{s}\sim 200 \GeV$. The results of the reconstruction of $γN$ cross sections at high energies and of $γγ$ ones at all energies are in a remarkable agreement with available experimental data.5 pages, 3 figures; v2: reference correctedHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenologytext