2026-07-072026-07-07http://salesiana.dossiersoluciones.com/handle/123456789/177Basic problems in complex systems are surveyed in connection with Life. As a key issue for complex systems, complementarity between syntax/rule/parts and semantics/behavior/whole is stressed. To address the issue, a constructive approach for a biological system is proposed. As a construction in a computer, intra-inter dynamics is presented for cell biology, where the following five general features are drawn from our model experiments; intrinsic diversification, recursive type formation, rule generation, formation of internal representation, and macroscopic robustness. Significance of the constructed logic to the biology of existing organisms is also discussed.20 pages including 1 figure; Complexity, in pressAdaptation and Self-Organizing SystemsQuantitative Biologytext