2026-07-072026-07-07http://salesiana.dossiersoluciones.com/handle/123456789/53571In the first quantised description of strings, we integrate over target space co-ordinates $X^μ$ and world sheet metrics $g_{αβ}$. Such path integrals give scattering amplitudes between the `in' and `out' vacuua for a time-dependent target space geometry. For a complete description of `particle creation' and the corresponding backreaction, we need instead the causal amplitudes obtained from an `initial value formulation'. We argue, using the analogy of a scalar particle in curved space, that in the first quantised path integral one should integrate over $X^μ$ and world sheet {\it zweibiens}. This extended formalism can be made to yield causal amplitudes; it also naturally allows incorporation of density matrices in a covariant manner. (This paper is an expanded version of hep-th 9301044)37 pages, harvmacHigh Energy Physics - TheoryGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmologytext