2026-07-072026-07-07http://salesiana.dossiersoluciones.com/handle/123456789/84664Presented is an analysis of general scaling perturbations in a transmitting fiber. For elliptical perturbations, under some conditions an intermode dispersion parameter characterizing modal PMD is shown to be directly proportional to the mode dispersion.OpticsAnalysis of the ellipticity and general scaling perturbation induced PMD in a transmitting fibertext