2026-07-072026-07-07http://salesiana.dossiersoluciones.com/handle/123456789/38630We calculate the low-lying eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the hermitian domain wall Dirac operator on various gauge backgrounds by Ritz minimization. The mass dependence of these eigenvalues is studied to extract the physical 4 dimensional $λ$, whose spectral density is related to $<\barψ ψ>$ through the Banks-Casher relation, and $δm$, which represents the effects of the residual chiral symmetry breaking in domain wall formalism on a per eigenmode basis. The topological structure of the underlying gauge field is examined by measuring the $Γ_5$ matrix elements between the low-lying eigenmodes.Lattice2001(confinement)High Energy Physics - Latticetext