2026-07-072026-07-07http://salesiana.dossiersoluciones.com/handle/123456789/45149The bosonic contributions to the photon mass are shown to be of the same form as the fermionic contributions, but of opposite sign. A mass sum rule for bosons and fermions follows from gauge invariance. Assuming completeness of the standard model the top quark mass can be predicted. Effectively only the W-bosons contribute, giving a lowest order prediction of 85.1 GeV for the mass of top quark, on the low side of currently accepted estimates.7ppHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenologytext