2026-07-072026-07-07http://salesiana.dossiersoluciones.com/handle/123456789/100553We argue, based on general principles, that topological order is essential to realize fractionalization in gapped insulating phases in dimensions $d \geq 2$. In $d=2$ with genus $g$, we derive the existence of the minimum topological degeneracy $q^g$ if the charge is fractionalized in unit of $1/q$, irrespective of microscopic model or of effective theory. Furthermore, if the quasiparticle is either boson or fermion, it must be at least $q^{2g}$.4 pages, updated with additional references. No change in the main conclusionStrongly Correlated ElectronsStatistical Mechanicstext