2026-07-072026-07-07http://salesiana.dossiersoluciones.com/handle/123456789/1665The observed morphological evolution since z ~ 0.5 within galaxy clusters provides evidence for a hierarchical universe. This evolution is driven by dynamical effects that operate within the cluster environment -- suppression of star-formation by ram-pressure and viscous stripping of the intra-galactic medium and tidal heating of disks by gravitational encounters.Invited review, XVth IAP meetingAstrophysicstext