2026-07-072026-07-07http://salesiana.dossiersoluciones.com/handle/123456789/38687The confining mechanisms of 't Hooft and Mandelstam have a simple microscopic realization in 3D Z2 gauge theory: the center vortex and the magnetic monopole condensation are associated, in the set of configurations contributing to the confining phase, to the presence of two kinds of infinite clusters. These generate the area law of the large Wilson loops and the universal finite size effects produced by the quantum fluctuations of the bosonic string describing the infrared behavior of the flux tube.8 pages, 4 eps figures. Contributed to NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Confinement, Topology, and other Nonperturbative Aspects of QCD, Stara Lesna, Slovakia, 21-27 Jan 2002High Energy Physics - Latticetext