2026-07-072026-07-07http://salesiana.dossiersoluciones.com/handle/123456789/83430The Hawking-Unruh effective temperature, hbar a* / 2 pi c k, due to quantum fluctuations in the radiation of an accelerated charged-particle beam can be used to show that transverse oscillations of the beam in a practical linear focusing channel damp to the quantum-mechanical limit. A comparison is made between this behavior and that of beams in a wiggler.Accelerator Physicstext